Selected toxicological studies of the mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid in turkeys

Simple item page
dc.contributor.advisor Gary D. Osweiler
dc.contributor.advisor John L. Richard
dc.contributor.author Miller, Charles
dc.contributor.department Veterinary Pathology
dc.date 2018-08-15T07:15:14.000
dc.date.accessioned 2020-07-02T06:12:05Z
dc.date.available 2020-07-02T06:12:05Z
dc.date.copyright Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 1989
dc.date.issued 1989
dc.description.abstract <p>An in vitro biological assay system was utilized to evaluate the effects of cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) mycotoxin on turkey cardiac papillary muscle performance. Acute exposure to 6 ug CPA/ml of bathing solution significantly decreased five performance criteria of in vitro papillary muscles. These criteria were; maximum weight a muscle could lift, maximum contraction velocity, maximum relaxation velocity, time to peak contraction and total time for muscle contraction and relaxation. These irreversible, altered performances appeared to be intracellular changes partially associated with calcium availability and suggested that physiopathological changes had occurred following acute CPA exposure. A second study demonstrated similar decreases in in vitro muscle performance which were compared with pathological changes. Electron photomicrographs demonstrated that the CPA exposed muscles evaluated in the biological assay system had increased numbers of swollen or lysed mitochondria. Irreversible decreased muscle performance and altered mitochondrial morphology were attributed to altered calcium and ATP availability. Two acute in vivo studies were designed to establish a dose response curve and assess the toxicological changes seen in turkey poults exposed to CPA. These are the first reports of CPA toxicity in turkey poults. Poults were given oral doses of 0, 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg/d for 2 days. Poults given 20 mg/kg/d were sacrificed in extremis 30 h after initial exposure. Clinical signs included: lethargy, ataxia, drooped head and wings, ruffled feathers, marked anorexia, and watery feces of reduced amounts. Total serum proteins and albumin were decreased by CPA ingestion. Major gross lesions noted at necropsy occurred in the gastrointestinal tract and liver. Poults receiving 10 and 20 mg/kg/d had focal erosions in the proventriculus and ventriculus, a fibrino-gelatinous membrane present in the ventriculus, and decreased liver weights. Hematological changes were leukocytosis, heterophilia, and lymphocytosis. Histopathologic changes included mucofibrinous necrotizing proventriculitis and ventriculitis, acute multifocal erosive enteritis and mild multifocal granulomatous hepatitis with bile duct proliferation. Body weight, feed consumption and water intake were significantly decreased by CPA ingestion. No cardiac ultrastructural changes were noted.</p>
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
dc.identifier archive/lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/9224/
dc.identifier.articleid 10223
dc.identifier.contextkey 6355663
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.31274/rtd-180813-4385
dc.identifier.s3bucket isulib-bepress-aws-west
dc.identifier.submissionpath rtd/9224
dc.identifier.uri https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/handle/20.500.12876/82300
dc.language.iso en
dc.source.bitstream archive/lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/9224/r_8920169.pdf|||Sat Jan 15 02:30:15 UTC 2022
dc.subject.disciplines Medical Toxicology
dc.subject.disciplines Toxicology
dc.subject.disciplines Veterinary Medicine
dc.subject.disciplines Veterinary Toxicology and Pharmacology
dc.subject.keywords Veterinary pathology
dc.subject.keywords Toxicology
dc.title Selected toxicological studies of the mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid in turkeys
dc.type article
dc.type.genre dissertation
dspace.entity.type Publication
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication cf38d7e3-b5f8-4859-83e3-ae8fab6a4c5f
thesis.degree.discipline Toxicology
thesis.degree.level dissertation
thesis.degree.name Doctor of Philosophy
File
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Name:
r_8920169.pdf
Size:
1.86 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download
Collections
Theses and Dissertations