Thermal decomposition of chemical warfare agent simulants diisopropyl methylphosphonate and tributyl phosphate

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dc.contributor.advisor Travis R. Sippel
dc.contributor.author Sanderson, Patrick
dc.contributor.department Mechanical Engineering
dc.date 2019-08-21T14:14:30.000
dc.date.accessioned 2020-06-30T03:15:51Z
dc.date.available 2020-06-30T03:15:51Z
dc.date.copyright Wed May 01 00:00:00 UTC 2019
dc.date.embargo 2001-01-01
dc.date.issued 2019-01-01
dc.description.abstract <p>The pyrolysis of chemical warfare agent simulants, diisopropyl methylphosphonate</p> <p>(DIMP) and tributyl phosphate (TBP), were studied in a constant volume heated cell</p> <p>using infrared spectroscopy (9:35 μm to 10:55 μm) over a temperature range of 50 C to</p> <p>550 C. DIMP began decomposing at 130 C and was undetectable by 280 C. The ex-</p> <p>pected decomposition products observed were propene, 2-propanol and methylphospho-</p> <p>nic acid. One unexpected species, methanol, was observed, and isopropyl methylphospho-</p> <p>nate was not observed. Tributyl phosphate began decomposing as low as 130 C and was</p> <p>undetectable by 270 C. The pyrolysis of TBP had three distinct temperature regions</p> <p>in which decomposition reactions occurred. The products of TBP decomposition ob-</p> <p>served were cis-2-butene, methanol, and possibly ethylene. An unidentied species with</p> <p>a P􀀀O group was also observed at high temperature. DIMP was further tested with a</p> <p>high power, pulsed lament heater (T-jump) in an open atmosphere at heating rates of</p> <p>greater than 300 103 Cs􀀀1 to simulate exposure to an explosive device. Time resolved</p> <p>mid-infrared spectroscopy was performed simultaneously. The high heating rate creates</p> <p>a vapor explosion at the lament surfaces, driving the majority of the liquid chemical</p> <p>warfare agent simulant from suspension within the lament. As a result, a droplet eld is</p> <p>created around the lament wire with no detectable decomposition spectra. High-speed</p> <p>video of the explosion and droplet eld was taken at 50 kHz and heating rates on the</p> <p>order of 3 106 Cs􀀀1 with a liquid ejection velocity of approximately 20ms􀀀1. Raman</p> <p>scattering spectra were taken of DIMP from 50 C to 240 C in the constant volume cell to</p> <p>characterize the major species composition. High temperature Raman scattering spectra</p> <p>could not be taken due to strong scattering from smoke.</p>
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
dc.identifier archive/lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/17093/
dc.identifier.articleid 8100
dc.identifier.contextkey 14821437
dc.identifier.s3bucket isulib-bepress-aws-west
dc.identifier.submissionpath etd/17093
dc.identifier.uri https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/handle/20.500.12876/31276
dc.language.iso en
dc.source.bitstream archive/lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/17093/Sanderson_iastate_0097M_17954.pdf|||Fri Jan 14 21:15:49 UTC 2022
dc.subject.disciplines Mechanical Engineering
dc.subject.keywords chemical warfare
dc.subject.keywords DIMP
dc.subject.keywords pyrolysis
dc.subject.keywords simulant
dc.subject.keywords spectroscopy
dc.subject.keywords TBP
dc.title Thermal decomposition of chemical warfare agent simulants diisopropyl methylphosphonate and tributyl phosphate
dc.type article
dc.type.genre thesis
dspace.entity.type Publication
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication 6d38ab0f-8cc2-4ad3-90b1-67a60c5a6f59
thesis.degree.discipline Mechanical Engineering
thesis.degree.level thesis
thesis.degree.name Master of Science
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