Development and Validation of a Copro-Enzyme–Linked Immunosorbent Assay Sandwich for Detection of Echinococcus granulosus–Soluble Membrane Antigens in Dogs
Date
2019-02
Authors
Jara, Luis M.
Rodriguez, Magaly
Altamirano, Faride
Herrera, Antonio
Verastegui, Manuela
Gilman, Robert H.
Gavidia, Cesar M.
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Committee Member
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Publisher
American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Authors
Person
Giménez-Lirola, Luis
Associate Professor
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Department
Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic zoonosis caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus
granulosus. Detection of the adult stage in the canine definitive host is essential for estimating infection rates,
surveillance and monitoring of CE control programs. This study sought to develop and validate a coproantigen sandwich
enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay (copro-ELISA), based on antibodies against E. granulosus–soluble membrane
antigens (EGMA), that is capable of distinguishing infected and noninfected dogs. Anti-E. granulosus polyclonal immunoglobulin
G antibodies were obtained from rabbit antiserum against EGMA. Optimization of the test was performed with
51 positive and 56 negative stool samples of canine echinococcosis. Specificity, sensitivity, cross-reactivity, intra- and
inter-assay precision, and over time detection were evaluated. According to the receiver operating characteristic analysis,
the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 96.1% (CI: 85.9–99.6) and 98.2% (CI: 89.5–100), respectively. Negative and
positive predictive values were 96.5% (CI: 91.7–100) and98%(CI: 94.1–100), respectively.Nocross-reactivity with Taenia
hydatigena, Dipylidium caninum, or Toxocara canis was observed. Intra- and inter-assay repeatability showed values of
less than15%of the variation coefficient. The over time detection was from 20 to 27 days postinfection with E. granulosus.
The copro-ELISA based on EGMA detection offers a simplified in-house development of diagnostic testing. This assay
showed high specificity and sensitivity and had no cross-reactivity with other parasites. Further studies and development
of this test in a kit format may be useful for the detection of active infection in dogs living in CE endemic regions.
Comments
This article is published as Jara, Luis M., Magaly Rodriguez, Faride Altamirano, Antonio Herrera, Manuela Verastegui, Luis G. Gímenez-Lirola, Robert H. Gilman, and Cesar M. Gavidia. "Development and validation of a copro-enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay sandwich for detection of Echinococcus granulosus–soluble membrane antigens in dogs." The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 100, no. 2 (2019): 330. DOI: 10.4269%2Fajtmh.18-0645. Copyright 2018 The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Posted with permission.