Can mineralization of soil organic nitrogen meet maize nitrogen demand?

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dc.contributor.author Osterholz, William
dc.contributor.author Rinot, Oshri
dc.contributor.author Castellano, Michael
dc.contributor.author Liebman, Matt
dc.contributor.author Castellano, Michael
dc.contributor.department Agronomy
dc.date 2018-02-18T22:42:36.000
dc.date.accessioned 2020-06-29T23:03:23Z
dc.date.available 2020-06-29T23:03:23Z
dc.date.copyright Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 2017
dc.date.embargo 2018-06-01
dc.date.issued 2017-06-01
dc.description.abstract <p><h3>Aims</h3> <p id="x-x-x-Par1">High-yielding maize-based crop systems require maize to take up large quantities of nitrogen over short periods of time. Nitrogen management in conventional crop systems assumes that soil N mineralization alone cannot meet rapid rates of crop N uptake, and thus large pools of inorganic N, typically supplied as fertilizer, are required to meet crop N demand. Net soil N mineralization data support this assumption; net N mineralization rates are typically lower than maize N uptake rates. However, net N mineralization does not fully capture the flux of N from organic to inorganic forms. Gross ammonification may better represent the absolute flux of inorganic N produced by soil N mineralization. <h3>Methods</h3> <p id="x-x-x-Par2">Here we utilize a long-term cropping systems experiment in Iowa, USA to compare the peak rate of N accumulation in maize biomass to the rate of inorganic N production through gross ammonification of soil organic N. <h3>Results</h3> <p id="x-x-x-Par3">Peak maize N uptake rates averaged 4.4 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, while gross ammonification rates over the 0–80 cm depth averaged 23 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>. Gross ammonification was highly stratified, with 63% occurring in the 0–20 cm depth and 37% in the 20–80 cm depth. Neither peak maize N uptake rate nor gross ammonification rate differed significantly among three cropping systems with varied rotation lengths and fertilizer inputs. <h3>Conclusions</h3> <p id="x-x-x-Par4">Gross ammonification rate was 3.4 to 4.5 times greater than peak maize N uptake across the cropping systems, indicating that inorganic N mineralized from soil organic matter may be able to satisfy a large portion of crop N demand, and that explicit consideration of gross N mineralization may contribute to development of strategies that reduce crop reliance on large soil inorganic N pools that are easily lost to the environment.</p>
dc.description.comments <p>This is a manuscript of an article is published as Osterholz, William R., Oshri Rinot, Matt Liebman, and Michael J. Castellano. "Can mineralization of soil organic nitrogen meet maize nitrogen demand?." Plant and Soil 415, no. 1-2 (2017): 73-84. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-3137-1" target="_blank" title="Can mineralization of soil organic nitrogen meet maize nitrogen demand?">10.1007/s11104-016-3137-1</a>. Posted with permission.</p>
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
dc.identifier archive/lib.dr.iastate.edu/agron_pubs/205/
dc.identifier.articleid 1206
dc.identifier.contextkey 10727726
dc.identifier.s3bucket isulib-bepress-aws-west
dc.identifier.submissionpath agron_pubs/205
dc.identifier.uri https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/handle/20.500.12876/4539
dc.language.iso en
dc.source.bitstream archive/lib.dr.iastate.edu/agron_pubs/205/2017_Castellano_MineralizationSoil.pdf|||Fri Jan 14 22:25:31 UTC 2022
dc.source.uri 10.1007/s11104-016-3137-1
dc.subject.disciplines Agriculture
dc.subject.keywords Nitrogen mineralization
dc.subject.keywords Gross ammonification
dc.subject.keywords Maize
dc.subject.keywords Cropping systems
dc.subject.keywords Nitrogen uptake
dc.subject.keywords nitrogen availability
dc.title Can mineralization of soil organic nitrogen meet maize nitrogen demand?
dc.type article
dc.type.genre article
dspace.entity.type Publication
relation.isAuthorOfPublication 1f34589d-68d7-4578-adfb-28caa0e9d604
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication fdd5c06c-bdbe-469c-a38e-51e664fece7a
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