Soybean Homologs of MPK4 Negatively Regulate Defense Responses and Positively Regulate Growth and Development

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dc.contributor.author Whitham, Steven
dc.contributor.author Liu, Jian-Zhong
dc.contributor.author Horstman, Heidi
dc.contributor.author Braun, Edward
dc.contributor.author Graham, Michelle
dc.contributor.author Zhang, Chunquan
dc.contributor.author Nettleton, Dan
dc.contributor.author Navarre, Duroy
dc.contributor.author Qiu, Wen-Li
dc.contributor.author Lee, Yeunsook
dc.contributor.author Nettleton, Dan
dc.contributor.author Hill, John
dc.contributor.author Whitham, Steven
dc.contributor.department Plant Pathology and Microbiology
dc.contributor.department Statistics
dc.contributor.department Agronomy
dc.date 2018-02-17T13:12:52.000
dc.date.accessioned 2020-06-30T06:23:52Z
dc.date.available 2020-06-30T06:23:52Z
dc.date.issued 2011-01-01
dc.description.abstract <p>Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play important roles in disease resistance in model plant species such as Arabidopsis (<em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>) and tobacco (<em>Nicotiana tabacum</em>). However, the importance of MAPK signaling pathways in the disease resistance of crops is still largely uninvestigated. To better understand the role of MAPK signaling pathways in disease resistance in soybean (<em>Glycine max</em>), 13, nine, and 10 genes encoding distinct MAPKs, MAPKKs, and MAPKKKs, respectively, were silenced using virus-induced gene silencing mediated by <em>Bean pod mottle virus</em>. Among the plants silenced for various MAPKs, MAPKKs, and MAPKKKs, those in which <em>GmMAPK4</em> homologs (<em>GmMPK4s</em>) were silenced displayed strong phenotypes including stunted stature and spontaneous cell death on the leaves and stems, the characteristic hallmarks of activated defense responses. Microarray analysis showed that genes involved in defense responses, such as those in salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathways, were significantly up-regulated in <em>GmMPK4</em>-silenced plants, whereas genes involved in growth and development, such as those in auxin signaling pathways and in cell cycle and proliferation, were significantly down-regulated. As expected, SA and hydrogen peroxide accumulation was significantly increased in <em>GmMPK4</em>-silenced plants. Accordingly, <em>GmMPK4</em>-silenced plants were more resistant to downy mildew and <em>Soybean mosaic virus</em> compared with vector control plants. Using bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis and in vitro kinase assays, we determined that GmMKK1 and GmMKK2 might function upstream of GmMPK4. Taken together, our results indicate that GmMPK4s negatively regulate SA accumulation and defense response but positively regulate plant growth and development, and their functions are conserved across plant species.</p>
dc.description.comments <p>This article is from <em>Plant Physiology</em> 157 (2011): 1363, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.111.185686%20" target="_blank">doi:10.1104/pp.111.185686</a>. Posted with permission.</p>
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dc.identifier archive/lib.dr.iastate.edu/plantpath_pubs/75/
dc.identifier.articleid 1077
dc.identifier.contextkey 8150804
dc.identifier.s3bucket isulib-bepress-aws-west
dc.identifier.submissionpath plantpath_pubs/75
dc.identifier.uri https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/handle/20.500.12876/57791
dc.language.iso en
dc.source.bitstream archive/lib.dr.iastate.edu/plantpath_pubs/75/2011_Whitham_SoybeanHomologs.pdf|||Sat Jan 15 01:49:09 UTC 2022
dc.source.uri 10.​1104/​pp.​111.​185686
dc.subject.disciplines Agricultural Science
dc.subject.disciplines Agriculture
dc.subject.disciplines Plant Pathology
dc.title Soybean Homologs of MPK4 Negatively Regulate Defense Responses and Positively Regulate Growth and Development
dc.type article
dc.type.genre article
dspace.entity.type Publication
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