Manufacturing Processes for Permanent Magnets: Part I—Sintering and Casting
Date
2022-02-02
Authors
Cui, Jun
Ormerod, John
Parker, David
Ott, Ryan
Palasyuk, Andriy
Mccall, Scott
Paranthaman, M. Parans
Kesler, Michael S.
McGuire, Michael A.
Nlebedim, Ikenna C.
Major Professor
Advisor
Committee Member
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Publisher
Iowa State University Digital Repository, Ames IA (United States)
Abstract
Permanent magnets (PMs) produce magnetic fields and maintain the field even in the presence of an opposing magnetic field. Electrical machines using permanent magnets are more efficient than those without. Currently, all known strong magnets contain rare earth (RE) elements, and they are core components of a wide range of applications including electric vehicles and wind turbines. RE elements such as Nd and Dy have become critical materials due to the growing demand and constrained supply. Improving the manufacturing process is effective in mitigating the RE criticality issue by reducing waste and improving parts consistency. In this article, the state of the industry for PM is reviewed in detail considering both the technical and economic drivers. The importance of RE elements is discussed along with their economic importance to green energy. The conventional sintering and casting manufacturing processes for commercial magnets, including Nd-Fe-B, Sm-Co, Alnico, and ferrite, are described in detail.
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IS-J 10728
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article
Comments
This article is published as Cui, Jun, John Ormerod, David Parker, Ryan Ott, Andriy Palasyuk, Scott Mccall, M. Parans Paranthaman et al. "Manufacturing processes for permanent magnets: Part I—sintering and casting." JOM 74, no. 4 (2022): 1279-1295.
DOI: 10.1007/s11837-022-05156-9.
Copyright 2022 The Author(s).
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
Posted with permission.
DOE Contract Number(s): AC05-00OR22725; AC02-07CH11358; AC52-07NA27344.