Folic acid source, usual intake, and folate and vitamin B-12 status in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2006

dc.contributor.author Yang, Quanhe
dc.contributor.author Cogswell, Mary
dc.contributor.author Hamner, Heather
dc.contributor.author Carriquiry, Alicia
dc.contributor.author Pfeiffer, Christine
dc.contributor.author Berry, Robert
dc.contributor.department Statistics (LAS)
dc.date 2018-02-17T06:24:33.000
dc.date.accessioned 2020-07-02T06:57:49Z
dc.date.available 2020-07-02T06:57:49Z
dc.date.issued 2010-01-01
dc.description.abstract <p>Background: US adults have access to multiple sources of folic acid. The contribution of these sources to usual intakes above the tolerable upper intake level (UL) (1000 ug/d) and to folate and vitamin B-12 status is unknown. Objective: The objective was to estimate usual folic acid intake above the UL and adjusted serum and red blood cell folate, vitamin B-12, methylmalonic acid, and homocysteine concentrations among US adults by 3 major folic acid intake sources - enriched cereal-grain products (ECGP), ready-to-eat cereals (RTE), and supplements (SUP) - categorized into 4 mutually exclusive consumption groups. Design: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 (n = 8258). Results: Overall, 2.7% (95% CI: 1.9%, 3.5%) of adults consumed more than the UL of folic acid. The proportions of those who consumed folic acid from ECGP only, ECGP+RTE, ECGP+SUP, and ECGP+RTE+SUP were 42%, 18%, 25%, and 15%, respectively. Of 60% of adults who did not consume supplements containing folic acid (ECGP only and ECGP+RTE), 0% had intakes that exceeded the UL. Of 34% and 6% of adults who consumed supplements with an average of <400 and >400 ug folic acid/d, <1% and 47.8% (95% CI: 39.6%, 56.0%), respectively, had intakes that exceeded the UL. Consumption of RTE and/or supplements with folic acid was associated with higher folate and vitamin B-12 and lower homocysteine concentrations, and consumption of supplements with vitamin B-12 was associated with lower methylmalonic acid concentrations (P < 0.001). Conclusion: At current fortification levels, US adults who do not consume supplements or who consume an average of <400 ug folic acid/d from supplements are unlikely to exceed the UL in intake for folic acid.</p>
dc.description.comments <p>This article is from <em>American Journal of Clinical Nutrition</em> 91 (2010): 64, doi: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.28401" target="_blank">10.3945/ajcn.2009.28401</a>.</p>
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
dc.identifier archive/lib.dr.iastate.edu/stat_las_pubs/36/
dc.identifier.articleid 1037
dc.identifier.contextkey 7858748
dc.identifier.s3bucket isulib-bepress-aws-west
dc.identifier.submissionpath stat_las_pubs/36
dc.identifier.uri https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/handle/20.500.12876/90633
dc.language.iso en
dc.source.bitstream archive/lib.dr.iastate.edu/stat_las_pubs/36/2010_CarriquiryAL_FolicAcidSource.pdf|||Fri Jan 14 23:46:38 UTC 2022
dc.source.uri 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28401
dc.subject.disciplines Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition
dc.subject.disciplines Public Health
dc.subject.disciplines Statistics and Probability
dc.subject.keywords cyanocobalamin
dc.subject.keywords folic acid
dc.subject.keywords homocysteine
dc.subject.keywords methylmalonic acid
dc.subject.keywords child nutrition
dc.subject.keywords diet supplementation
dc.subject.keywords dietary intake
dc.subject.keywords health survey
dc.title Folic acid source, usual intake, and folate and vitamin B-12 status in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2006
dc.type article
dc.type.genre article
dspace.entity.type Publication
relation.isAuthorOfPublication 6ddd5891-2ad0-4a93-89e5-8c35c28b0de4
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication 264904d9-9e66-4169-8e11-034e537ddbca
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