In the first randomised National Survey for Salmonella in slaughter pigs in Great Britain, 2509 pigs were sampled in 34 abattoirs in England, Scotland and Wales. Caecal carriage of Salmonella was identified in 578 (23.0% pigs) but in only 135 (5.3%) of carcase swabs. The predominant Salmonella serovars found in both types of sample were S.Typhimurium (11.1% caeca, 2.1% carcases) and S.Derby (6.3% caeca, 1.6% carcases). The main definitive phage types of S.Typhimurium found were DTI04 (21.9% of caecal S.Typhimurium isolates), DTI93 (18.7%), untypable strains (17.6%), DT208 (13.3%) and U302 (13.3%). 3 isolates of S.Enteritidis (PTs 13A and 4) and I enrofloxacin resistant S.Choleraesuis were also found. 15.2% of pigs gave a positive 'meat-juice ELISA' result at the 40% optical density (OD) cut-off level and 35.7% at the 10% cut-off. There was poor correlation between positive ELISA results or carcase contamination and the caecal carriage of Salmonella. The ratio of carcase contamination to caecal carriage rates was highest in abattoirs from the Midlands region of England and in smaller abattoirs. There was also a statistically significant correlation between Salmonella carriage and the presence of Enterococcus faecium or Yersinia enteroco/itica in the same pig.