Rice diterpenoid phytoalexins are involved in defence against parasitic nematodes and shape rhizosphere nematode communities
Date
2022-04-23
Authors
Desmedt, Willem
Kudjordjie, Enoch Narh
Chavan, Satish Namdeo
Zhang, Juan
Li, Riqing
Yang, Bing
Nicolaisen, Mogens
Mori, Masaki
Vanholme, Bartel
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© 2022 The Authors New Phytologist © 2022 New Phytologist Foundation
Abstract
Summary
• Research and rationale: Rice diterpenoid phytoalexins (DPs) are secondary metabolites with a well-known role in resistance to foliar pathogens. Since DPs are also known to be produced and exuded by rice roots, we hypothesized that they might play an important role in plant-nematode interactions, and particularly in defense against phytoparasitic nematodes.
• Methods: We used transcriptome analysis on rice roots to analyze the effect of infection by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola or treatment with resistance-inducing chemical stimuli on DP biosynthesis genes, and assessed the susceptibility of mutant rice lines impaired in DP biosynthesis to M. graminicola. Moreover, we grew these mutants and their wild type in field soil and used metabarcoding to assess the effect of impairment in DP biosynthesis on rhizosphere and root nematode communities.
• Key results: We show that M. graminicola suppresses DP biosynthesis genes early in its invasion process, and conversely that resistance-inducing stimuli transiently induce the biosynthesis of DPs. Moreover, we show that loss of DPs increases susceptibility to M. graminicola. Metabarcoding on wild-type and DP-deficient plants grown in field soil reveals that DPs significantly alter the composition of rhizosphere and root nematode communities
• Main conclusions: DPs are important players in basal and inducible defense against nematode pathogens of rice and help shape rice-associated nematode communities.
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This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Desmedt, Willem, Enoch Narh Kudjordjie, Satish Namdeo Chavan, Juan Zhang, Riqing Li, Bing Yang, Mogens Nicolaisen et al. "Rice diterpenoid phytoalexins are involved in defence against parasitic nematodes and shape rhizosphere nematode communities." New Phytologist (2022), which has been published in final form at doi:10.1111/nph.18152. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.