Use by Honeybees of Flowering Resources In and Around Corn Fields

Abstract

<p>Corn seeds and seedlings are susceptible to attack by several early-season insect pests. Seed treatments have emerged as a means of reducing these insects. Seed-adhered insecticides include members of the class of chemicals referred to as neonicotinoids, which have been demonstrated to adversely affect honeybees. Pollen and nectar that foraging bees collect may be contaminated with neonicotinoids via direct spray, by plant translocation following treatment, and by contaminated dust generated during treatedseed planting.</p>