In the Iowa Yearbook of Agriculture for 1922, it is estimated that the total area in the state utilized for pasture and grazing amounts to 10,130,000 acres, by far the largest portion of which is in what is known as permanent pasture. Calculating the annual production value of this acreage at $5.58 per acre, the total value for the state amounts to $56,525,000. It is apparent, therefore, that the pasture lands in Iowa provide a considerable, even tho indirect, part of farm incomes, and that a poor growth of grasses and legumes means reduction in farm profits just as surely as poor yields of other crops on cultivated areas.