The biology of the stalk borer Papaipema nebris (Gn.)

Abstract

<p>1. The stalk borer, Papaipema. nebris (Gn.), is a native American insect, normally feeding upon Ambrosia trifida but occasionally causing considerable damage to corn and other crops.</p> <p>2. There is but one generation each year. The overwintering eggs hatch during late April or early May and after a growing period of from 9 to 18 weeks the larvae pupate. The moths emerge during August or September and begin at once to deposit eggs for the next year's brood upon the leaves of grass and weeds.</p> <p>3. The number of larval instars required to complete development varied from seven to sixteen, average eight, depending upon the kind and quality of the food upon which the larva fed.</p> <p>4. Natural enemies play an important part in holding this species in check.</p> <p>5. The important parasites and predators are listed and some notes on their bionomics are given.</p> <p>6. The elimination of the natural host plants of the borer from the fence row flora and the burning of infested fence rows and grasslands between Nov. 1 and May 1 are recommended as a means of control.</p>