Solar Energy Surge in Iowa: Policies, Public Opinions, and Future Opportunities

Abstract

In 2022, Iowa ranked first in the United States for percentage of state electricity produced by wind energy, which contributed 62% of its net electricity generation (USEIA 2023a). In contrast, in 2023, Iowa ranks 34th in solar generation, which represents only 1% of its total electricity generation (Glover 2023).

Over the past two decades, solar energy systems have improved in efficiency and declined in cost of installation. At present, solar energy represents the most economical option for electricity generation based on the metrics of the average levelized cost of energy (USEIA 2023b). Given the availability and consistency of high-quality solar natural resources across Iowa, coupled with its cost-effectiveness, solar energy can play a crucial role in attaining Iowa’s established goal of reaching 100% clean power by 2035 (IEC 2021) and further driving down electricity rates.

This article briefly explores the development of solar energy systems in Iowa, describes a range of policies concerning solar energy development at the federal and local levels, and summarizes a sample of Iowans’ preferences for and interest in solar energy systems.