In Iowa and other parts of the U.S. the number of animals raised in livestock confinement facilities continues to increase. Residents in many rural areas are concerned about the quantities of manure that will be generated at these facilities and how this will affect their quality of life. Land application of the manure is currently the primary method of using the manure. However, environmental concerns may impose regulations that limit how the manure is applied. Alternative methods of manure utilization are needed.