Reuse of water treatment residuals from lime softening, Part I: Applications for the reuse of lime sludge from water softening

dc.contributor.author White, David
dc.contributor.author Baker, Rob
dc.contributor.author Jones, Christopher
dc.contributor.author van Leeuwen, Johannes
dc.contributor.department Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition (CALS)
dc.contributor.department Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
dc.contributor.department Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (ENG)
dc.date 2018-02-18T09:12:22.000
dc.date.accessioned 2020-06-30T01:12:01Z
dc.date.available 2020-06-30T01:12:01Z
dc.date.copyright Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 2011
dc.date.issued 2011-01-01
dc.description.abstract <p>Lime sludge, an inert material mostly composed of calcium carbonate, is the result of softening hard water before distribution as drinking water. A large city such as Des Moines, Iowa, produces about 32 000 tons of lime sludge (dry-weight basis) annually. This is about half of the lime sludge produced in Iowa per year in eight different cities, and these cities currently have 371 800 tons (dry-weight basis) stockpiled. The Iowa Department of Natural Resources directed those cities using lime softening in drinking-water treatment to stop digging new lagoons to dispose of lime sludge. The situation in surrounding Midwestern states is similar, and there will be millions of tons of lime sludge in stockpiles. Five Iowa water-treatment plants, all producers of lime sludge, funded the research. The research goal was to find useful and economical alternatives for the disposal of lime sludge. Feasibility studies tested the efficacy of using lime sludge in cement production, power-plant SOx control, dust control on gravel roads, wastewater neutralization, and infill materials for road construction. All the potential applications were demonstrated to be at least feasible, except for dust control. Fill material from admixture with fly ash showed the most promise as a bulk, if variable, demand application.</p>
dc.description.comments <p>This is an article from <em>Land Contamination & Reclamation </em>18 (2011): 393, doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/%2010.2462/09670513.1012" target="_blank">10.2462/09670513.1012</a>. Posted with permission.</p>
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
dc.identifier archive/lib.dr.iastate.edu/ccee_pubs/114/
dc.identifier.articleid 1116
dc.identifier.contextkey 10042502
dc.identifier.s3bucket isulib-bepress-aws-west
dc.identifier.submissionpath ccee_pubs/114
dc.identifier.uri https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/handle/20.500.12876/13753
dc.language.iso en
dc.source.bitstream archive/lib.dr.iastate.edu/ccee_pubs/114/2011_vanLeeuwen_ReuseWater.pdf|||Fri Jan 14 18:49:26 UTC 2022
dc.source.uri 10.2462/09670513.1012
dc.subject.disciplines Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering
dc.subject.disciplines Environmental Engineering
dc.subject.keywords cement
dc.subject.keywords dust control
dc.subject.keywords lime sludge
dc.subject.keywords neutralization
dc.subject.keywords power plant
dc.subject.keywords SOx control
dc.subject.keywords stockpiling
dc.subject.keywords water treatment residuals
dc.title Reuse of water treatment residuals from lime softening, Part I: Applications for the reuse of lime sludge from water softening
dc.type article
dc.type.genre article
dspace.entity.type Publication
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