The 1985 Food Security Act has provided tremendous income support for U.S. farmers. This support has helped pull agriculture out of its worst depression in over 50 years. The financial incentives of the Food Security Act has assured substantial farmer participation. Data from a long-term rotation-fertility study conducted by Iowa State University was used to analyze the impact of the feedgrain program in the Food Security Act. The impacts analyzed were the rewards offered by the program as they relate to crop rotations and nitrogen fertilizer use. Average yields and costs from six alternative rotations and four nitrogen use levels were analyzed. Returns without a land charge were calculated with and without the government program.