Soft-bed experiments beneath Engabreen, Norway: regelation infiltration, basal slip and bed deformation

Thumbnail Image
Date
2007-07-01
Authors
Hooyer, Thomas
Fischer, Urs
Cohen, Denis
Jackson, M.
Lappegard, G.
Kohler, J.
Major Professor
Advisor
Committee Member
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract

To avoid some of the limitations of studying soft-bed processes through boreholes, a prism of simulated till (1.8 m × 1.6 m × 0.45 m) with extensive instrumentation was constructed in a trough blasted in the rock bed of Engabreen, a temperate glacier in Norway. Tunnels there provide access to the bed beneath 213 m of ice. Pore-water pressure was regulated in the prism by pumping water to it. During experiments lasting 7–12 days, the glacier regelated downward into the prism to depths of 50– 80 mm, accreting ice-infiltrated till at rates predicted by theory. During periods of sustained high pore water pressure (70–100% of overburden), ice commonly slipped over the prism, due to a water layer at the prism surface. Deformation of the prism was activated when this layer thinned to a sub-millimeter thickness. Shear strain in the till was pervasive and decreased with depth. A model of slip by ploughing of ice-infiltrated till across the prism surface accounts for the slip that occurred when effective pressure was sufficiently low or high. Slip at low effective pressures resulted from water-layer thickening that increased non-linearly with decreasing effective pressure. If sufficiently widespread, such slip over soft glacier beds, which involves no viscous deformation resistance, may instigate abrupt increases in glacier velocity.

Series Number
Journal Issue
Is Version Of
Versions
Series
Type
article
Comments

This article is from Journal of Glaciology 53 (2007): 323, doi:10.3189/002214307783258431. Posted with permission.

Rights Statement
Copyright
Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 2007
Funding
DOI
Supplemental Resources
Collections