Most people are aware that the first confirmed Palmer amaranth infestations were found in Iowa late in 2013. Infestations have been found in five Iowa counties, but we suspect there are more unknown infestations than known. Virgil Schmitt, Iowa State University (ISU) Extension and Outreach field agronomist, and I visited an infestation in Muscatine County on May 9. There was an abundance of Amaranthus seedlings present in the area infested with Palmer amaranth last fall. We are fairly confident that these seedlings were Palmer amaranth because there was little or no waterhemp, or other pigweed species, present in the field last fall. However, I am not convinced that it is possible to distinguish the two species while they are in the seedling stage.