Rapid formation of stable autotetraploid rice from genome-doubled F1 hybrids of japonica–indica subspecies
Date
2025-03-31
Authors
Han, Xu
Li, Jiahao
Li, Guo
Zhang, Zhibin
Lian, Taotao
Zhang, Bingqi
Luo, Ting
Lv, Ruili
Cai, Xiaojing
Lin, Xiuyun
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Nature Research
Abstract
Theory predicts that in the absence of selection, a newly formed segmental allopolyploid will become ‘autopolyploidized’ if homoeologous exchanges (HEs) occur freely. Moreover, because selection against meiotic abnormalities is expected to be strong in the initial generations, we anticipate HEs to be uncommon in evolved segmental allopolyploids. Here we analysed the whole-genome composition of 202 phenotypically homogeneous and stable rice tetraploid recombinant inbred lines (TRILs) derived from Oryza sativa subsp. japonica subsp. indica hybridization/whole-genome doubling. We measured functional traits related to growth, development and reproductive fitness, and analysed meiotic chromosomal behaviour of the TRILs. We uncover factors that constrain the genomic composition of the TRILs, including asymmetric parental contribution and exclusive uniparental segment retention. Intriguingly, some TRILs that have high fertility and abiotic stress resilience co-occur with largely stabilized meiosis. Our findings comprise evidence supporting the evolutionary possibility of HE-catalysed ‘allo-to-auto’ polyploidy transitions in nature, with implications for creating new polyploid crops.
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This article is published as Han, X., Li, J., Li, G. et al. Rapid formation of stable autotetraploid rice from genome-doubled F1 hybrids of japonica–indica subspecies. Nat. Plants (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-025-01966-2
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Funding
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFF1003303), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31991211), the Key Research and Development Program of Jilin Province (20210202003NC) and by the US NSF plant genome programme.