Evaluation of Clinical Parameters, Viral DNA and Antibody Responses Following the Application of a Live Attenuated African Swine Fever Virus Vaccine in Commercial Pigs
Date
2024-12
Authors
Nugraha, Martinus Prastya Dwi
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Luis
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Abstract
Evaluation of clinical parameters, viral DNA, and antibody responses following the application of a live attenuated African swine fever virus vaccine in commercial pigs
Martinus Prastya Dwi Nugraha, Mauricio Dutra, Francisco Domingues, Luis G. Giménez-Lirola, Gustavo S Silva, Daniel C L Linhares
Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine.
Abstract
African Swine Fever (ASF) poses a significant threat to the global swine industry, underscoring the urgent need for a safe and effective vaccine. This field study, conducted under commercial conditions in Vietnam in 2023, involved the inoculation of 3,181 5-week-old pigs with a live attenuated vaccine based on the ASFV-G-∆MGF strain. Pigs were distributed across three farms (A, B, and C) with populations of 700, 1,200, and 128, respectively. ASFV DNA and antibodies were assessed by qPCR and ELISA, respectively, on serum samples collected at various intervals: 0 to 5 days prior to vaccination and at 14-, 28-, 60-, and 120-days post-vaccination. All pre-vaccination qPCR tests were negative, while post-vaccination results remained positive for up to 60 days. Additionally, all pigs were ELISA-negative before vaccination, demonstrating 100% seroconversion by day 14. Notably, 97% of vaccinated pigs showed detectable ASFV antibodies up to 120 days post-vaccination. In conclusion, the ASFV-G-∆MGF strain-based live attenuated vaccine effectively induces antibody response against ASFV; however, factors such as environmental conditions, farm management practices, and the presence of co-infecting pathogens must be considered when evaluating vaccine performance.
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creative component
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12/12/2025